Copper and copper alloys are widely used in a variety of products that enable and enhance our everyday lives. They have excellent electrical and thermal conductivities, exhibit good strength and formability, have outstanding resistance to corrosion and fatigue, and are generally nonmagnetic. They can be readily soldered and brazed, and many can be welded by various gas, arc, and resistance methods. They can be polished and buffed to almost any desired texture and luster. Pure copper is extensively used for electrical wire and cable, electrical contacts, and various other parts that are required to pass electrical current. Coppers and certain brasses, bronzes, and copper nickels are extensively used for automotive radiators, heat exchangers, home heating systems, solar collectors, and various other applications requiring rapid conduction of heat across or along a metal section. Because of their outstanding ability to withstand corrosion, coppers, brasses, bronzes, and copper nickels are also used for pipes, valves, and fittings in systems carrying potable water, process water or other aqueous fluids, and industrial gases.
Copper is a tough, ductile, and malleable material. These properties make copper extremely suitable for tube forming, wire drawing, spinning, and deep drawing.
Copper and copper alloys have a peculiar smell and disagreeable taste. These may be transferred by contact and therefore should be kept clear of foodstuffs, although some cooking pans do use these metals.
ALLOY |
WROUGHT |
CAST |
Copper |
C10100 - C13000 |
C80100 - C81200 |
Brass |
C20500 - C28580 |
C83300 - C85800 |
Tin Brass |
C40400 - C48600 |
C83300 - C84800 |
Phosphor Bronze |
C50100 - C52400 |
C90200 - C91700 |
Aluminum Bronze |
C60800 - C64210 |
C95200 - C95900 |
Silicon Bronze |
C64700 - C66100 |
C87000 - C87999 |
Silicon Red Brass |
C69400 - C69710 |
C87300 - C87900 |
Copper Nicke; |
C70100 - C72950 |
C96200 - C96900 |
Nickle Silver |
C73500 - C79900 |
C97300 - C97800 |